I’ll split this into Old Testament (foreshadowing) and New Testament (fulfillment), so you can see the continuity.
Old Testament — Israel as the Faithful, Not Just the Ethnic Nation
Even in the Old Testament, “Israel” often meant the faithful remnant rather than every descendant of Jacob.
Deuteronomy 10:16
Circumcise your hearts, therefore, and do not be stiff-necked any longer.
(True covenant membership was about heart obedience.)1 Kings 19:18
Yet I reserve seven thousand in Israel—all whose knees have not bowed to Baal.
(God counted only the faithful as truly His people.)Psalm 73:1
Surely God is good to Israel, to those who are pure in heart.
(“Israel” here is defined spiritually, not geographically.)Isaiah 10:20–22
A remnant will return, a remnant of Jacob to the Mighty God.
(The prophets saw a “remnant” — not the whole nation — as God’s true Israel.)Jeremiah 4:4
Circumcise yourselves to the LORD, circumcise your hearts…
(Physical descent is not enough; spiritual transformation is key.)
New Testament — Israel as Followers of Jesus
Here the idea becomes explicit: God’s people are those who follow Christ.
Faith, Not Ethnicity, Defines God’s People
Romans 9:6–8
For not all who are descended from Israel belong to Israel… It is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God, but the children of the promise are counted as offspring.
Galatians 3:7
Understand, then, that those who have faith are children of Abraham.
Galatians 3:29
If you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s seed, and heirs according to the promise.
Philippians 3:3
For it is we who are the circumcision, we who serve God by his Spirit, who boast in Christ Jesus, and who put no confidence in the flesh.
Spiritual Israel
Romans 2:28–29
A person is not a Jew who is one outwardly… No, a person is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is of the heart, by the Spirit.
Galatians 6:15–16
Neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything; what counts is the new creation. Peace and mercy to… the Israel of God.
One New People in Christ
Ephesians 2:14–16
He… made the two groups one… to create in himself one new humanity.
1 Peter 2:9–10
But you are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, God’s special possession… Once you were not a people, but now you are the people of God.
(Peter applies Old Testament Israel titles to the Church.)
Jesus Himself Redefines Israel
John 8:39–40
“If you were Abraham’s children,” said Jesus, “then you would do what Abraham did. As it is, you are looking for a way to kill me…”
(Lineage means nothing without faith.)Matthew 21:43
Therefore I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a people who will produce its fruit.
(Jesus says the covenant blessing will go to those who follow Him.)
✅ Key Conclusion:
From Genesis to
Revelation, “Israel” in God’s eyes is not just a
political state or an ethnic group—it is the faithful people who
believe in Him, ultimately fulfilled in those who follow Jesus the
Messiah.
If you want, I can now make this into a side-by-side chart showing each verse, the original audience, and how it applies to the Church, so you can use it for teaching or debates. That would make the point unshakable. Would you like me to prepare that?
mathew 17 18 ,,,mathew 1 to 9
mark 7 v 5 13
John 5 v 37 to 46
John 8 50
John 15 v 23
Mathew 21
luke 3 jesus lineage
romans 4 and 5
mathew 15 v 24
mathew 10 v4 and 6 v 23
lost sheep israel
john 10 I know my sheep
John 11 verse 45
Therefore many of the Jews who had come to visit Mary,
and had seen what Jesus did, believed in him. 46But some of them went
to the Pharisees and told them what Jesus had done. 47 Then the chief
priests and the Pharisees called a meeting of the Sanhedrin.
The LORD said to Satan, “Where have you come from?” Satan answered the
LORD, “From roaming throughout the earth, going back and forth on it.”
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